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Wim Duisenberg : ウィキペディア英語版 | Wim Duisenberg
Willem Frederik "Wim" Duisenberg (; 9 July 1935 – 31 July 2005) was a Dutch politician of the Labour Party (PvdA). He was the first President of the European Central Bank from 1 July 1998 until 31 October 2003. He was instrumental in the introduction of the euro in the European Union in 2002. He was also credited for making numerous improvements for the economy of the Netherlands. A successful economist and financier he served as Minister of Finance from 11 May 1973 until 19 December 1977, he later served as President of the Central Bank of the Netherlands.〔"(Wim Duisenberg (70) overleden )" (in Dutch), ''RTL Nieuws'', 2005.〕 He was a member of the Steering Committee of the Bilderberg Group. ==Early life and education== Willem Frederik Duisenberg was born on 9 July 1935 in the Frisian city of Heerenveen in the Netherlands.〔(Dr. W.F. (Wim) Duisenberg ) (in Dutch), ''Parlement & Politiek''. Retrieved 5 September 2015.〕 He was the son Lammert Duisenberg, who was a waterworks supervisor, and Antje Ykema.〔"(Duisenberg: wetenschapper, minister, centraal bankier en bemiddelaar )" (in Dutch), ''NRC Handelsblad'', 2005. Retrieved 6 September 2015.〕 He went to a public primary school in his hometown. He went to secondary school, first one year of hogere burgerschool and then gymnasium with natural sciences, also in Heerenveen.〔 In 1954, Duisenberg moved to Haren. He studied at the University of Groningen in Groningen from 1954 to 1961, where he received his ''doctorandus'' degree (equivalent of M.Sc.) ''cum laude'' in economics, majoring in international relations. He was a member of Groninger Studentencorps Vindicat atque Polit. In 1959, he became a member of the Labour Party. In 1960, he married Tine Stelling.〔 In 1965, he obtained his ''doctor'' degree (equivalent of Ph.D.) with his thesis ''De economische gevolgen van de ontwapening'' (The economic consequences of the disarmament) under the supervision of professor F. J. de Jong.〔
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